Comments in C#

Comments are essential for making your code understandable. They can explain what your code does, which is helpful for anyone reading it (including yourself).

  • Inline Comments: Use // for single-line comments.

    1

    // This is an inline comment.

  • Multi-line Comments: Use /* */ for comments that span multiple lines.

    1
2
3
4

    /*
This is a multi-line comment.
It spans multiple lines.
*/

Semicolons

In C#, every statement ends with a semicolon (;). This tells the compiler where a statement ends.

  • Example:

    1

    Console.WriteLine("Hello World");

Writing to the Console

Printing messages to the console is straightforward with Console.Write and Console.WriteLine.

  • Console.WriteLine: Prints the message followed by a newline.

  • Console.Write: Prints the message without a newline.

    1
2

    Console.WriteLine("This prints with a newline.");
Console.Write("This prints without a newline.");

Taking Input from the User

To take input from the user, use Console.ReadLine. By default, this method reads input as a string.

1
2
3

Console.WriteLine("Enter your name: ");
string name = Console.ReadLine();
Console.WriteLine(name);

Data Types in C#

Data types specify the kind of data a variable can hold. Understanding data types is key to using variables effectively.

  • Value Types: Store actual values. Common value types include:

    • int, float, double, bool, char, byte, short, long, decimal

  • Reference Types: Store references to the actual data. Common reference types include:

    • string, arrays (type[])

Declaring Variables

Variables are containers for storing data values. To declare a variable, you need to specify its type and assign it a value.

  • Syntax: type variableName = value;

    1
2

    string name = "CodeFryDev";
Console.WriteLine(name);

Common Data Types and Their Usage

Here are some common data types in C# and their typical usage:

  • int: Integer values

    1

    int myInteger = 10;

  • float: Single-precision floating-point numbers

    1

    float myFloat = 3.14f;

  • double: Double-precision floating-point numbers

    1

    double myDouble = 3.14159;

  • bool: Boolean values (true or false)

    1

    bool isTrue = true;

  • char: Single character

    1

    char myChar = 'A';

  • byte: Unsigned integers (0 to 255)

    1

    byte myByte = 255;

  • short: Small integers

    1

    short myShort = 1000;

  • long: Large integers

    1

    long myLong = 1000000000;

  • decimal: Precise decimal numbers, often used in financial calculations

    1

    decimal myDecimal = 123.456m;

Example: Classifying Data Types

Let’s see how different types of data can be classified and stored in variables:

  • User Age: Age is a number, so we can use an integer type.

    1

    int userAge = 24;

  • User Name: Names are text, so we use a string type.

    1

    string userName = "CodeFryDev";

  • User Favourite Games: A list of favorite games can be stored in an array of strings.

    1

    string[] favoriteGames = { "Chain Reaction", "Snake", "Chess", "Tomb Raider" };

Understanding comments, semicolons, console I/O, and data types will give you a solid foundation to build upon. Happy coding!